July 3, 2008

  • Do Ghosts Really Exist?

                I would like to preface by stating that prior to moving to Georgia I never took seriously the issue of believing in ghosts.  I just put ghosts in the same category with Santaclause and assumed that other adults did as well.  Once we moved to Georgia, my sister started telling me that a lot the kids in her school believed in ghosts and some even practiced crude forms of divination.  I assumed first that they were purposefully putting forward an idiotic face to see if they could get her to believe what they were saying and then make fun of her for being gullible (that’s the sort of stuff kids did in the places I grew up in), but the stories continued.  So I just assumed that the children were a little slow or perhaps Biblical teachings were less pervasive in Georgia, and I forgot about it.  Then when I was attending GSU finishing my undergrad degree, there was a girl in one of my classes, who I will refer to as X, who firmly believed that there were ghosts living in her house.  After she made her statement there were others that felt like sharing their own ghost encounters.  I was rather baffled.  Then in some of my other classes I brought up the topic of ghosts while simultaneously concealing my position on the matter in order to goad people into speaking, and I found that a great many adults also believed in ghosts.  When I was living in south Georgia many adults and children I encountered admitted to believing in ghosts.  In those cases I just attributed it to a lack of education, but when I moved back to Atlanta and began work on my 2nd degree at Kennesaw, I actually had a professor who stated to the class that Kennesaw was an unusual campus because it had no ghost.   He then went on for a bit about how the other campuses he worked on were all haunted.  I believe that for most people the term ‘ghost’ refers to a disembodied human spirit which persists in the physical realm after the death of the body.  It is my contention that there are no such things as ghosts. 

     

                In matters regarding the afterlife I tend to fall back on the Christian paradigm, which means that the spirits of the dead either go to heaven or hell and do not linger on earth.  So my default assumption, in the absence of empirical data to the contrary, is that there are no such things as ghosts.  The belief in ghosts falls within the realm of superstition, it is not something that has never been confirmed empirically nor can it be.  Of course evolutionists/atheists frequently equate any belief in the supernatural with superstition (except for their own beliefs about the universe spontaneously erupting from nothing and forming itself, which somehow gets classified as science in spite of the complete lack of empirical corroboration), so I therefore deem it necessary to differentiate between religion and superstition.  In this case I am going to rely on the definition provided by the historian Robert Redfield:

     

    In a civilization there is a great tradition of the reflective few, and there is a little tradition of the largely unreflective many.  The great tradition is cultivated in schools or temples; the little tradition works itself out and keeps itself going in the lives of the unlettered in their village communities.  The tradition of the philosopher, theologian, and literary man is a tradition consciously cultivated and handed down; that of the little people is for the most part taken for granted and not submitted to much scrutiny or considered refinement and improvement.

     

    Robert Redfield, The Little Community and Peasant Society and Culture (Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1956), p. 41-42.

     

    Superstition can be viewed as irrational and unstructured folk beliefs.  Now that having been said, I realize that most people do not share my Christian background, so I will deal with the issue of ghosts on a strictly empirical basis.

     

                The first question one must ponder is why do people believe in ghosts?  They believe because they are told to and/or because they may have actually seen or experienced something unusual which they lack the experience or reasoning skills to understand, but ultimately they believe because they want too.  At the end of the day, regardless of what the evidence indicates people will always believe what they want to believe.  The first reason is simple enough to dismiss, most people hold a wide array of incorrect notions and beliefs, and just because someone says something is true does not make it so.  In order for a thing to be true it must actually exist, or have existed, and while many things disappear from history completely, if a thing is common and widespread it leaves behind evidence.  The belief in ghosts is widespread, but there is no evidence.  Yet, the belief persists, why?

     

                Before I deal with the issue of why, I would like to refute absolutely the notion that ghosts exist.  First of all, I do not deny that consciousness and the state of sentience has remarkable properties.  Cogito ergo sum.  It is reasonable to assume that we are more than the sum of our molecules and parts.    Is the body and it’s various parts the source of consciousness, or is the body a vessel for something higher?  Those are metaphysical issues, and not so much scientific issues.  It remains clear, however, that when a person dies something has definitely left the body.  I find it easy to believe that the essence of consciousness endures free of the body, which as complex as it is, is still made up of dirt and water.  At any rate, whether or not the essence endures beyond the body is difficult to verify one way or another without dying.  One can approach metaphysics logically but not empirically as they deal with the unseen.  If the human spirit, the essence of human consciousness is capable of enduring without the body, then it is not visible, and it is not capable of manifesting or interacting with the physical universe.  Without a body, a person has no physicality or substance.  A human spirit cannot have any substance therefore it cannot manipulate physical objects, which also means that it cannot reflect light so that it cannot be seen even if it does exist.  In order to move objects in the material universe one must have matter and energy, and if the human spirit had matter or energy in order to interface with the physical universe then how could it reside within a body in the first place?  And how would it be that when the spirit departs none of the matter in the body departs with it?  Now some argue that there is a type of spiritual energy contained within the human spirit that can allow it to give off an ethereal glow and manipulate objects.  I call this balderdash.  If the spirit glows and gives off energy then why does one have to be dead in order to see the glow?  Shouldn’t we be glowing now?  OK, perhaps the body traps the mystic glow, but in that case amputees should have a glowing ethereal arm or leg where their physical arm or leg used to be.  And if a human spirit can manipulate objects using some type of mystical energy (mana?) then we ought to be able to move objects without touching them without being dead first.

     

                So why then do so many people believe in ghosts in spite of the impossibility of it?  Why would someone like X claim to have been harassed by ghosts?  There are a few possibilities, X is hallucinating, X is lying, or X really was visited by something she could not classify.  There are a few ways a person can hallucinate.  A person can hallucinate through drugs, which probably accounts for a great many of the ‘paranormal’ experiences people claim to have.  A person can be insane, in which case all of the ‘paranormal’ events are actually in their head.  However, a person need not be insane or under the influence of drugs in order to hallucinate.  When a person is sleep deprived for an extended period of time, their ability to think becomes muddled and if the deprivation continues they will begin to have episodes of microsleep and in some cases hallucination.  The first time I was in college around test times papers were also due.  What ended up happening is for extended periods of time I had to go without sleep, or at best minimal sleep of perhaps 2 hours in a 24 hour cycle, hardly healthy to say the least.  Of course the most immediate symptoms were reduced thinking skills, sluggish movement, and decreased awareness.  Things became truly strange when I would seem to be following someone (usually looking down and seeing their feet or legs), and then enter the elevator, round the corner, whatever, and no one was there.  Or I might out of the corner of my eye see a person enter a room, and upon entering the room found that no one was in there.  I began to question my own sanity, but then I thought about it a little more and came to decide that my altered state of consciousness was a result of my lack of sleep, just like my reduced thinking skills, reaction time, and physical sluggishness.  There was no reason to apply a mystical explanation to those symptoms, so why apply one to the hallucinations, and at any rate, once I resumed my normal sleeping patterns the hallucinations subsided with the rest of the symptoms.  A superstitious person might attribute the hallucinations to ghosts because rather than thinking things through analytically they leap to conclusions, they are unreflective, as Robert Redfield stated.  It could be that a great many college students experience such hallucinations during testing times which might account for the belief that many college campuses are haunted.   

     

                What if they are fully awake, well nourished, well rested, not doing any drugs, and still see something?  Of course ghost stories abound depending on which part of the country or which part of the world you are in.  Whether or not the person is lying only that person can know.  At any rate, I am going to refer to 2 examples of “ghost” stories I heard from students at GSU.  The first was an impromptu speech given during a class discussion and the other was an “informative” speech given by a student in speech class:

     

    X believed that her house was haunted and throughout the course of her speech her voice wavered and there was some sniffling.  X stated that one night when she was in bed she heard loud chanting in a foreign language by monstrous inhuman voices, the source of which remained unseen.  Her bed was also shaken violently by unseen assailants.  She stated that she was terrified and asked God to make them go away.  She said that the next day she checked for hidden passages or openings in the wall or floor or ceiling and found none.  She also searched for speakers or electronic devices of any sort and found none.  X described other encounters around the house but I can’t remember the details.  I believe that they were fear sensations, or a sensing of evil.  She said that her dogs were terrorized as well and were afraid to enter certain portions of the house.  She concluded by saying that she didn’t care what anyone thinks because she ‘knows’ that ghosts are real and wishes to move out of her house as soon as possible.

     

    Again, the possibilities here are that she is lying, insane, or that she is telling the truth.  Due to the inflections in her voice and the fact that she risked ridicule and being classified as insane by telling such a story indicates to me that she at least probably believed that she was telling the truth.  She could be insane, but if that is the case then her hallucinations would have to be quite complex and protracted, and they must extend to her dogs which she believes will not enter certain parts of the house and wimper when close to those places.  Assuming her encounter is actually real, it certainly could not be ghosts because in order for the bed to be moved there must be a physical material substance involved and a dead human spirit bereft of it’s body no longer has access to any type of material.  Which also rules out the strange chanting in a foreign language, because assuming it happened, sound is produced by vibrations moving through the air, and those vibrations must be created by a physical substance.  So if there was something in there with her, it had to have some type of physical substance to it or it could not produce sound.  That rules out the possibility of dead human spirits as the culprit. 

     

    Y believed that the spirit of the wife of a plantation owner was following her around and tormenting her.  She said that she was visiting an ancient plantation on which the mistress was actually responsible for a great deal of the excessive cruelty that took place, and in fact had become famous by means of her abusive nature.  The grave of the mistress was on the plantation and Y believes that when she stood before the grave something entered into her or became attached to her.  Something evil and intangible which she believed was the spirit of the plantation owners wife.  She said that after that she could feel an evil presence in her life that never completely left her, although was more pronounced at some times than others.  Y stated that once she tripped and fell down a set of stairs and she believes that it was because the plantation mistress pushed her.

     

                It is possible that Y perceives that she is telling the truth, however, even if her account is taken as absolute truth there is nothing in it that provides any kind of evidence that the paranormal is involved.  It could merely be that she is experiencing a paranoid delusion, similar to hypochondria.  Accounts like that can be easily dismissed.

     

                The problem with the paranormal is that there is no way to study it empirically.  And I think it is more than a coincidence that the people who are staunchly opposed to the belief in ghosts never manage to ‘see’ any.  It seems that only people with a predisposition to such things ever think they see them.  Furthermore, why do people no longer claim to see brownies, feys, pixies, faries, elves, etc.?  People don’t see them anymore because people don’t believe in them.  In all fairness however, there is no reason to assume that humanity is the only form of intelligence that exists, or even necessarily the highest form.  The universe is a big place and there are things which cannot always be explained logically, however, there are bogus explanations which can be disproven logically, the existence of ghosts being one of them.  It could be that ghosts, djinis, pixies, faries, brownies, etc. are all actually the same thing.

Comments (33)

  • [It remains clear, however, that when a person dies something has definitely left the body.]

    Why do you say that? Can you clarify and give more info on that?

  • Yes, and their system of not mixing races lasted for thousands of years, surprisingly. Although I don’t see how Aryans moving into Europe would lower the gene pool, it would just put them farther away from their base, but in still relatively large numbers. 

    Lol, other than the skin color. Well, then that certainly would work out for you if you ended up going there, and the Christian influence in India could definitely use an English speaking science teacher who doesn’t believe in evolution ;) . I don’t know if I’d want to be that close to Pakistan though, it could erupt at any time. 

    The Federal Reserve falls into the category of “useless bureaucratic agencies”, controlled by the US which is, in turn, controlled by AIPAC and from there the upper-powers can meet more freely to accomplish their common goal. And I think you’re throwing in liberals with Democrats. Many liberals were appalled at the expansion of government via the NSA, Patriot Act, Gitmo, etc. I’m sure they would have been much happier if it were THEIR candidate doing all of those things, but thats a fault in human nature, not the definition of the term “liberal”.

    What goes around DOESN’T come around, and thats the problem. Falsely imprisoned “terror suspects” in Gitmo won’t get their lives back. Soliders who died in Iraq, Vietnam, etc. are dead in vain. The people in Central and South America who had their industries and freedoms crushed by the whims of the CIA and the fascist installed governments will never get back what they earned. More than anyone, the Palestinians will never have justice for the years of occupation they’ve been forced to endure, and every move they make to secure new rights is met with Western condemnation, accusations of Anti-Semiticism and new volleys of rockets. What goes around only comes back around when it is taken in to the hands of someone who desires revenge (which will be what I’m writing my next post about).

    “And we may dislike the rednecks for a variety of very valid reasons, but just as easily somoene might decide that you and I are dangerous individuals and need to be wiped out.  In our case it would be because we think too much and we would make poor puppets.”

    1.) I wasn’t referring to the rednecks, I mostly focus my purging aspirations on urban blacks. Rednecks at least work and have enough pride not to demand assistance.

    2.) That was decided long ago. It’s only a matter of time when the political opponents of the NWO are silenced. If I recall correctly, they attempted minor operations of such an atrocity after 9/11 (imprisoning, for no reason, of course, ethnic intellectuals) but eventually had to release them due to the media catching wind of it. They aren’t nearily as vocal now as they were 7 years ago.

    Exactly; he bends to Democrats on social issues of little importance, but is controlled by the neocons on the issues that can actually end the world. So he might say something like “ok liberals, we won’t drill in Alaska” then the next day bomb Iran. His compromises simply make him less desireable to everyone. McCain also said he would stay in Iraq “as long as it takes”, so eliminating the income tax would negate his plans of continuing the spend 1 billion a week in Iraq. 

    Yea, its all hypothetical. But the federal government did exist at the time of the war, with the National Bank provided many of the funds necessary to wage it. 

    Well, I had friends lock on xanga for a while, but it really decreases the traffic on my site so I took it off again. Well the other problem is is that the kids who were snitching could have just told her about the pictures, because she was believing one person saying “this happened” more than she was believing 10 of us saying “no, it didn’t”.

    The chances if becoming an alcoholic without it being genetically likely are really slim, provided you space out drinking with a reasonable amount of activities, such as the ones you listed. But whatever, just consider it next time you have to put up with a Southern attempting to communicate with you.

    Also, in regards to anime, it isn’t normal to look at “anime porn”, is it? I accidently walked in and saw my younger brother google image searching anime pornography the other day, and didn’t know exactly what to do except for quickly leave the room.

    Yea, there is plenty of free time in the program, so I’ll definitely look into going to those places. I also plan on going to the Six Flags there, which looks pretty impressive.

    I don’t eat fast food nearily as much as I use to anymore, but when I did it’d be either Burger King or Arby’s. I’ve severely cut back after listening to the song “Take a Walk” by Masta Ace, who, in the song, is discussing all of the negative aspects of living in the ghetto, and refers to serving fast food as “they put grease in a box and hope that you die quicker”, which made me think about whats in the “food” they serve at those places. Who says music isn’t inspiring?

    Now, as to this post and others on the last thread. First of all, the mean and average are the same thing, and your definition of the mean is called the “median”. For example, if I have five numbers, 1, 4, 8, 15, 25, the MEAN is 10.6 (53/5). The MEDIAN, however, is 8, as the middle number.

    Also, to the vegetarian, you couldn’t possibly mean not eating meat because you don’t like the taste, could you?

    And this post on ghosts plays off of the superstition and religion of the ignorant. The people who believe in ghosts are the same as those who think they’re going to burn in fire for committing “sins” as proscribed by a 2000 year old book that also lists shaving ones beard in a certain manner as a sin.

    “The belief in ghosts is widespread, but there is no evidence.  Yet, the belief persists, why?”

    Replace “ghosts” with “God” and you’ll get the same answer: superstition/tradition and fear.

    Now, there can certainly be personal ghosts that haunt someone from their past, and what “X” was sensing could certainly have been a dream/hallucination induced by extreme distress, confusion and shock, or from a recent movie she’d seen. Believing otherwise is providing food for the fodder of irrationality.

  • While Christianity does not leave a place in it’s dogma for disembodied human spirits to wander the earth they aren’t the only kind of spirits about. I would suspect that many “ghosts” are territorial or familiar spirits. For example, in Haiti where they dedicated the country to Satan on a annual and ritualistic basic you are certain to have powerful principalities and powers over the region because the people give them rights to exert their influence. Pagan worship sites also would have had repeated invocations of evil spirits giving them power and presence in those places. Civil War Era prisons are famous for the cruelty and misery they spawned and by this same logic it is not surprising that people believe they are haunted and feel uneasy in them. I would also suspect that familiar spirits attached to certain bloodlines may end up tied to physical locations if the bloodline they were attached to were to end. This would seem to explain why ancestral homes of dead families are commonly believed to be haunted.

    I would not find it surprising that demons would parade about as wandering human spirits. If people are more likely to believe in them as ghosts or obey them as ghosts then would it be any surprise that they claim to be such? Most of my theories on the subject go into the realm of pure speculation but I think the overall concept is Biblically sound. God gave man authority on earth and man has been handing it over Satan and his angels since the fall. Besides, myths and legends survival in large part because they contain a grain of truth and clearly there is something to ghosts which a large number of people experienced and still experience to this day.

  • @mindflenzing - I agree, my position is that any actual “ghost” sightings are really demonic spirits.  It’s illogical to suppose that a human spirit could manifest in any way even if it could linger, as I explained pretty thoroughly.  I agree people are more likely to submit to something posing as a “ghost” then they are to something which is more blatantly demonic.  Probably the reason that there are so many people in Georgia that believe in ghosts is because of the long history of evil here, as well as them being unreflective.  Places where there has been a lot of cruelty and abuses seem to be focal points for evil even after many of those activities have ceased, or, so I hear.  I think you were the one that told me about the southern plantations.  A any rate, as bad as the southern plantations were the plantations in Haiti were much worse.  There was a lot more torture, abuse, and far higher mortality rates on the French Carribean plantations.  I read a book on the history of Haiti.  The French and Spanish wiped out the original population of natives and imported black people in droves.  In the US most of the slaves converted to some form or another of Christianity, whereas in Haiti they typically retained their original shamanistic faiths.  The mortality rate was so high that the French seldom bothered to attempt to alter their culture in any way.  They would do things like burry a person in the ground up to their heads and then pour sugar on their head so that the ants might eat it.  All kinds of insane things like that.  And if memory serves the country was dedicated to Satan on more than one occasion.

  • @Meanking14 - 

    Whether or not it reduced the gene pool more among the Europeans who left or the Iranians who stayed would depend on which group was larger, the group that stayed or the group that left.  That much is a matter of speculation.  In my case it could be just a little bit of personal bias because I think Iranian women are, on average, better looking.  They tend to have sharper features and better hair.  Of course, I don’t care for women with red or any kind of light hair, or Ostic features.  That’s another thing that must remain speculative.  One thing we know for sure, is that if a smaller population leaves a larger population, then that smaller population has a smaller gene pool, and it still will even if they reproduce voraciously and come to outnumber the original group.  Of course I do not believe that Europeans are dangerously or defectively inbred, but keep in mind the rednecks and look what happened to them.  I think that in the case of the US, which was originally an immigrant nation, replenishing our gene pool is essential.  The more diverse the gene pool, the lower the risk of having defective children.  That’s why some communities have higher ratios of special ed students.
     
    I have been thinking about moving to India at least for a while.  We’ll have to see how things pan out once I get done with school, again.  I made a presentation on the world’s major powers and civilizations circa 500 BC once and I made an illustration to sort of show the caste system:
    http://jmsnooks.deviantart.com/art/India-500-BC-83006908
     
    Indeed, the constituency that votes Democrat seems to generally endorse whatever their candidate does regardless of whether it has been explained to them, whether or not they understood the explanation, and regardless of the consequences it produces.  If the Republicans decide to bomb and irrelevant non-threatening country, and soldiers get killed, and civilians get killed, then the Democratic constituency are all awash with emotions and indignation and they really get their panties in a knot.  If the Democrats decided to bomb an irrelevant non-threatening country then the Democratic constituency calls it a “humanitarian effort” and they’re all for it.  They’re really nothing more than unthinking puppets on a string.  The meaning of “liberal” has changed over time.  The classical liberals were actually more libertarians, who argued for minimal government and defined freedom negatively.  Modern liberals are people who think the government should be in charge of everything. 
     
    As to what goes around comes around, you have to think in terms of individuals rather than people groups.  Each individual is responsible for their own actions.  I have seen tragedy strike against so many people who harassed or bullied others.  My favorite example is what happened to Richard and Lindsey Roberts.  I don’t much care for the Palestinians, but I wouldn’t describe them as anti-semetic since they are just as Semetic as the Jews, and the truth of the matter is that they are both the same race.  Of course if you tell that to either of them you might cause some offense, but that doesn’t in any way negate the truthfulness of it.
     
    What you say about intellectuals is not surprising.  Intellectuals which are not a part of the kraken are, under the best of circumstances (for the NWO), wild cards.    If the NWO takes over then I would actually hope they just kill me quickly because I wouldn’t want to live under their crap.
     
    Actually McCain was the candidate that a lot of Democrats were hoping would win the Republican primary.  He is known for “crossing the isle.”  I don’t think any of the candidates besides Ron Paul talked about eliminating the income tax, probably because all the others are just puppets.  Huckabee may have but I can’t remember for sure.  I would actually like to see a return to isolationism.  It would be great to see the Islamic fascist government out of Iran but I don’t think the US has the power to do it.  As JRR Tolkien might put it the armed forces are thin, like butter spread over too much bread.  And at any rate, it’s not our job to depose every evil government in the world.  A true statesman has to put his own country first and only invades another if that other poses a threat.  At any rate how would you feel about bombing Pakistan?  You know Obama wants to do that, or so he said once in one of his blunderful speeches. 
     
    Hmmm… Yea may as well just bite the bullet and keep it public.  Just make sure you don’t talk about school or work on your xanga, ever.  I would make facebook private though.  I think mine is set to private but I can’t remember.  I seldom use the thing.
     
    Atlanta is tolerable, Columbus wasn’t.  I just stayed in my apartment all the time except when I had to go to school, work, church, the store, or to go running.  My apartment was so cool back in the day.  I had my artwork up everywhere, posters up, psychedelic colored bulbs, running lights, black lights, static balls, etc.  It was pretty tight.  Once I get back away from my parents I’m going to re-deck my new place like that.  If I ever get married I’ll have to find someone flexible and tolerant.
     
    I’m not sure what’s normal.  I tend to go by the definition provided by the villain from ST7, “normal is what everyone else around you is and you are not.”  It may be a little aberrant to watch hentai in the US.  Maybe there is an extra element of kinkiness in the hentai stuff that’s not present in standard porn.  I can’t really say since I’ve never gotten into porn of any sorts.  It might be fairly safe to say that your brother is weird.
     
    Haha yea, fastfood restaurants they usually just boil everything in grease.  It’s nasty, and who knows how many bugs fall into that stuff?
     
    I tend to think that vegetarianism is foolish.  The only reason I respect for not eating animals is religious.  I have some Hindu friends that won’t eat meat because of their religion.  To them it’s repellant to eat something that used to be alive but they have the weight of thousands of years of culture and tradition bearing down on them.  Now in the US when people are vegetarians for a variety of fruitcake-ish reasons.  “I don’t want to hurt the animals,” or “I don’t want to lose weight.”  Those usually come from women.  As to hurting animals, if we can’t eat them anymore then the herds would have to be slaughtered in mass because turning them free would be bad for the environment, very bad.  As to losing weight, I’ve noticed that it seldom pans out that way, because without the meat they are hungry a lot more and to compensate they turn to starches which builds fat.  Also they don’t always give up their sweets.  Back when I was a teen there was a guy in my Kung Fu class that was out for like a week because he became anemic and passed out.  He said it was because his girlfriend made him be vegetarian, and even though they broke up he was still a vegetarian.  It suffices to say that he got made fun of for that.
     
    I don’t think those other people are going to see your comments.  At any rate she seems to have left my page never to return. 
     
    I don’t think it’s fair to exchange God for ghosts.  And there are plenty of people who believe in Ghosts but not God.  There is plenty of evidence for a supreme Creator.  If the fact that consciousness and sentience exists is not enough there is also the incredible complexity and the natural laws which do not allow for a self creating universe.  I think it takes a lot more faith to believe that the universe is self assembling or that the origin of matter and energy is nothing rather than to believe it was created by an all powerful infinite being of unlimited intelligence and power.  At any rate, the issue of which god is God and which religion (if any) is correct, is another issue.  As is the issue of whether or not God is still personally involved with humanity or whether or not he will be in the future.  Those things tend to fall more into faith than logic.  I think aside from the points I made demonstrating how there can be no ghosts because the human spirit can have no physical properties, the best indictment against the notion is that only people who are pre-disposed to believing in those sorts of things actually encounter them.  The same could be true of aliens.  My point about X was that even if her story could be taken literally then there is still no way that those things could be ghosts.  It is quite possible that X was insane, and the same could be true of many people, I didn’t know her well enough to say whether she was sane or not.  I think there is a danger in saying that EVERYONE who has a strange ‘encounter’ is insane.  That could become a slippery slope that leads to persecution.  That is why I say that it is possible her experience could be legitimate even though her analysis was incorrect.  If she was insane it would be a rather complex form of insanity and the hallucinations should not be restricted to her house.  Based on what I know of insanity and hallucinations, from interacting with someone like that and from reading, is that people prone to hallucination will hallucinate anywhere and at any time.  And when it happens you don’t even know what to do.  But for people like that hallucinations are not localized. 

  • @musterion99 - I’ll do my best.  When a person dies whatever it was that made them alive and sentient is gone.  They become an inert mass of molecules, essentially dirt and water.  In some cases you can argue that the bodies systems are too damaged (like if the person has been shot or whatever) for the body to continue to function, but in other cases all the necessary physical components are there to make living person, yet, they are not alive.  Why not?

  • @jmsnooks - 

    [When a person dies whatever it was that made them alive and sentient is gone.]

    A naturalist wouldn’t say that anything is gone or left the body, just that the blood has stopped circulating.

    [In some cases you can argue that the bodies systems are too damaged (like if the person has been shot or whatever) for the body to continue to function, but in other cases all the necessary physical components are there to make living person, yet, they are not alive. Why not?]

    I’m not sure what you are referring to? There seems to always be a cause for death. If an artery becomes clogged and shuts down the blood supply or cancer cells destroy vital organs, etc. BTW, I am not a naturalist. I believe that we do have a soul that leaves our body at death but I don’t believe it can be substantiated.

  • @musterion99 - Evolutionists use a wide range of metaphors to describe death just as anyone else does.  The most militant evolutionists may rigidly insist that consciousness is nothing more than the firing of neural synapses in the brain but even they will admit that consciousness has gone and the body become inert.  Thus, whatever it was is still gone. 

    For example, a person can suffocate, and after suffication all the parts are still there to make a living person but they aren’t alive anymore.  Also there are some inexplaible deaths that no one understands.  Some people seem to have died from depression or losing the will to live.  One of my best friends tried to will himself to death in such a way when he was younger but in his case it didn’t work.   The phenomenon of sentience cannot be thoroughly explained scientifically to begin with, but when it’s gone then it’s obvious it’s gone.   Whether it goes anywhere or whether consciousness can survive death or not is another matter.  The more militant evolutionists believe in a snuffing out of consciousness after death, and some believe that the psychic energy or whatever is recycled.  You can argue that sentience is more than just the sum of the physical parts of the body, and you can point to identical twins, which although they have the exact same genetic makeup and in many times are a product of the same environment never manage to develope identical personalities.  Everyone is unique in spite of how much they might all try to be the same.  Of course, those are inductive types of arguments.  You can watch a person die and the body lose consciousness forever, but you cannot for the most part substantiate through emperical observation that it survives and/or goes anywhere.  The closest you might come to that is to take some of the death and near death accounts seriously or to die yourself and check it out firt hand.  Of course my arguments against ghosts are predicated on the fact that you cannot see human sentience/consciousness/a soul because once it is out of the body it has no conduit with which to interface with the physical universe. 

  • @jmsnooks - 

    even they will admit that consciousness has gone and the body become inert. Thus, whatever it was is still gone.]

    That’s true but it seems like you were implying that the soul or spirit leaves the body at death and evolutionists would not agree to that.

    [For example, a person can suffocate, and after suffication all the parts are still there to make a living person but they aren't alive anymore.]

    Why aren’t they alive anymore? As I”ve said, because their blood is not circulating anymore. And after a certain amount of time of having no circulation, the heart and brain tissues are damaged due to lack of oxygen, beyond repair. Again, I’m just giving a naturalist point of view as I believe in the soul and spirit.

    [Some people seem to have died from depression or losing the will to live.]

    That could never be proven, only speculated or presumed.

    [Whether it goes anywhere or whether consciousness can survive death or not is another matter.]

    That is why I asked you my original question because you made the statement that it’s clear that something leaves the body at death. One thing that may shed a little light on this is Quantum Mechanics and experiments such as quantum tunneling and the double/slit experiment or the uncertainty principle. Are you familiar with these?

  • @mindflenzing - That and alien abductions (which I also believe to be demonic).

    I don’t usually share this, but I have had encounters like “X” just not as extreme.  I would feel like someone is sitting on me, trying to sexually molest me, or trying to squeeze my head like a vice.  I was fully awake and I literally felt some pain and a sense of violation. I once even felt like someone had me by the feet and was pulling me down the bed, making my head slip off the pillow.

    I’ve gotten lots of prayer about it though, and it hasn’t happened since, thank God.  I didn’t need to move.  Just let Jesus Christ throw them out.

    As for proof of the afterlike Snooks, what about those millions of consistent Near Death interviews from all over the world?  People actually make a survey science out of it and the results are intriguing.

  • @DiChile - Yea I mentioned something about that to Musterion.  The fact that there are so many people that experience afterlife stuff would seem to lend credence to the notion, especially if the stuff corroborates.  I read some books about that and there seems to be some common threads.  Of course the only way to see it for yourself would be to die. 

    Anyways, saying something about aliens would be a good corrolary to this.  I also believe that ‘alien’ sightings are demonic, or hoaxes, or hallucinations.  It’s interesting how aliens are another one of those scenarios where only people predisposed towards believing in such things actually see them.  Gary Bates put out a book about alleged alien sightings and he links it to evolutionism.  He says that only people who believe in evolution ever see the ‘aliens.’  Of course he goes a step further than I would and tries to refute the notion that there could be any other planets where God has created life.

  • @DiChile - 

    They used to believe that nightmares were daemons sitting on your chest and believed there were daemons who would molest people. What they call “night terrors” are nightmares accompanied by an inability to breath upon waking from them. People I know who had them said that it felt like something heavy sitting on their chests. As to aliens, I have heard New Age people claim that aliens are actually earthbound spirits who decided to tell us they were from another world because people would be more likely to believe them that way. Plus, aliens look quite similar to ancient descriptions of daemons in a number of different civilizations and their spaceships sound a lot like certain descriptions of angels in the OT. I don’t see why they wouldn’t get in on the ET action though. Aliens are a way to discount the idea that ancient man was just as smart as modern man is and it provides a godless version of intelligent design for them to fall back on if needs be.

  • Good article.  I also agree with your assertion (regarding ghosts) that in the absence of evidence in their favor, there is no point in assuming that ghost stories are in any way true.  However, you could carry that logic to a few other fields I could name…

    It is not obvious to me that science cannot prove the existence or non-existence of the soul because neuroscience has advanced to the point that the propositions of religion such as the existence of a non material center of conciousness can now be tested with modern technology.  To quote from ebon musings’ website:

    “As a practical matter, it should be easy to judge between dualism and materialism, because unlike most religious doctrines, the notion of the soul is an idea that would seem to have testable consequences. Specifically, if the human mind is the product of a “ghost in the machine” and not the result of electrochemical interactions among neurons, then the mind should not be dependent on the configuration of the brain that houses it. In short, there should be aspects of the mind that owe nothing to the physical functioning of the brain.

    Until recently, this prediction was difficult to test, but modern scientific innovations have thrown light on the subject. Medical techniques such as CAT scans (short for computed axial tomography), PET (positron emission topography), and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) allow the structure and function of the living brain to be studied. Scientists can see which areas of the brain “light up” with activity when a healthy person performs a mental task, or they can examine patients who have suffered injury or disease to see which parts of the brain, when damaged, correspond to which deficits of neural function.

    And already, a disappointing result for theists has emerged. Some mental functions are localized, while others are more diffuse, but there is no aspect of the mind that does not correspond to any area of the brain. In fact, we know precisely which brain regions control many fundamental aspects of human consciousness. “

    Certainly we are more than the sum of our parts. If we are made of water and dust, than computers are essentially rocks connected to a flow of electrons.  It is a matter of empirical observation that organized matter can yield many results that disorganized matter does not.  It seems most reasonable to hold to the results of empirical investigation in coming to the conclusion that consciousness arises as a sort of operating system in our neural tissue than to assume anything that contradicts the empirical data neurologists have gathered. 

  • @St_Faustus - 

    Actually my main point was that something non-material cannot be physically observed, and that was what my argument hinged upon.  If the human spirit was something that could be scientifically recorded or witnessed with the naked eye then it would lend credence to the ghost stories and undercut my arguments.  It could not by any definition be material because material pertains to the physical realm and that is lost when you die.  Obviously the brain has to do something and being an ID advocate I do not believe that there is any point of the human body which is pointless.  I could have told them in advance that every part of the brain serves a function, however, that does not mean that the brain is all there is.  Obviously there is more to it than that because unlike computers, we are sentient beings, you can unplug a computer and leave it inactive for a year, but then you plug it back in and it works again.  You unplug your brain for a year and you’re dead.  Also the brain can be rewritten and new neural pathways form to accomodate whatever thoughts you have.  I can rewrite my brain just sitting here doing nothing physically while the environment around me is stagnate.  So while the will may reside in a certain part of the brain, I think it is best to say that it resides there.  I tend to see the brain as being a conduit which ties the body to the soul.  You can lose an arm and still be fully aware, it may be that people who have lost parts of their brains are still fully aware but unable to interact because their conduit for interface is damaged.  Or it may be that their unique essence is truly gone.  In either case, I think it would be best to pull the plug.

  • Did you ever see Final Fantasy, the Spirits Within? I liked that film both pre and post loss of faith because it showed what would happen if spirits were real. Scientists would find them due to their interactions with living matter.

    “If the human spirit was something that could be scientifically recorded or witnessed with the naked eye then it would lend credence to the ghost stories and undercut my arguments. “

    If there’s no scientific evidence for it, there’s no reason to think it’s real.

    “I tend to see the brain as being a conduit which ties the body to the soul. “

    Why think that if there’s no neurological evidence that the brain interacts with a soul? All evidence seems to point to the fact that it is the brain that is responsible for every facet of consciousness. If it were made simply to interact with a spirit, then wouldn’t it be structured differently? It seems awfully self sufficient to be just a conduit.

    “You unplug your brain for a year and you’re dead.”

    Naturally, if our braincells don’t get nutrition constantly, they cease functioning.

    Death is just when our parts break and can’t be fixed.

    Physical Realm

  • “Did you ever see Final Fantasy, the Spirits Within? I liked that film both pre and post loss of faith because it showed what would happen if spirits were real. Scientists would find them due to their interactions with living matter.”

    –Did see it, it was an OK movie.  I was actually going to elaborate in that direction, a spirit by definition can have no substance in the physical realm, if it has any kind of substance it is pure spirit.  And of course if it was something that could be directly observed (it would have substance) and you could probably destroy it like in FF or Ghost Busters or whatever.  A spirit would be that which endures when berift of substance, so no, you can’t see it, which was my argument.  I do realize however, that you are disinclined to believe in such things because you have chosen a paradigm which for the most part believes that everything is just the sum of it’s parts.

    “If there’s no scientific evidence for it, there’s no reason to think it’s real.”

    –You believe a great deal of things for which there is no scientific evidence, I’m a little suprised/dissapointed that you would try using an argument like that.  As for me personally it is true that I rely mostly on inductive philosophical type reasoning in regards to my position on the enduring nature of consciousness.  There are however, as someone else pointed out, a great deal of accounts from people who had death experiences and were brought back to life.  Concerning accounts like that, it is just their word, but since there are so many of them it could be that there is an element of truth to it.  You cannot observe someone leaving their body or entering an afterlife from a 3rd person perspective, which was all I intended to argue with my point.  I never intended to argue that there was no afterlife or no spirit which endures.

    “Why think that if there’s no neurological evidence that the brain interacts with a soul? All evidence seems to point to the fact that it is the brain that is responsible for every facet of consciousness. If it were made simply to interact with a spirit, then wouldn’t it be structured differently? It seems awfully self sufficient to be just a conduit.”

    We know that consciousness resides in the frontal lobe, and that new neural patterns are formed with new thoughts and experiences.  What we do not know is whether or not the neural patterns are a product of the person or whether the person is a product of the patterns.  Again, I’m sitting here forming new neural patterns, and that’s without interacting with my environment or even absorbing any new stimuli.  So I can rewrite the physical structure of my brain, without doing anything really.  I see no reason why the brain should require a different structure, the whole body is made up of parts that fit together and it has to be that way for it to work, and there is only one kind of brain structure we have observed for sentient beings.  You are of course welcome to disbelieve in anything which you cannot physically see, of course in doing so you would also have to reject the evolutionism which you have accepted, and disbelief does not amount to proof or correctness. 

  • “I do realize however, that you are disinclined to believe in such things because you have chosen a paradigm which for the most part believes that everything is just the sum of it’s parts.”

    Actually, that’s not strictly true. I choose to only affirm propositions that are backed up by evidence. I very much would like to live forever; in fact, nothing would please me more, but to believe in the existence of a soul without any accompanying evidence would be just dishonest.

    I try as hard as I can not to believe or affirm anything on shaky or non existent evidence and I am quite open to change my opinion at any point as long as a reasonable, compelling explanation of the evidences around us can be given.

    As to my purported “belief” in evolution, I don’t “believe” in it at all. I’m not really in a good position to. I try to learn as much as I can to revise my often incorrect opinions all the time. I do have to say that whatever happens to be true, creationists are going about science the wrong way. They seem to be copying Lewis Carol’s Red Queen: “Sentence first – verdict afterwards.” Many scientific theories need to be modified or tossed out as new evidence comes in, but any model that assumes the conclusion (the literal truth of any sacred text), is never going to be able to effectively search for truth.

    “Again, I’m sitting here forming new neural patterns, and that’s without interacting with my environment or even absorbing any new stimuli.”

    Exactly. You also don’t appear to be interacting with a “soul.” If matter were to interact with a soul, I would suspect that cat scans and other instruments would be able to detect it, and if there is a soul, will detect it in the future. Once that happens, I’ll be overjoyed to find out that I may indeed survive my own death.

  • If I could have whatever kind of afterlife I truly wanted, then what I would prefer would be to go into a sleeplike state, where I would have reduced consciousness muted sensations, and the perpetual feeling of relaxation, where I would just dream forever and not be aware of any kind of passage of time.  Oblivion wouldn’t be so bad because then I would be berift of all responsibilities and concerns.  As it is, I often wish I was never born.  Most people equate non-existence with death but death allows for the possibility of hell so I think that non-existence would be better.  Of course based on inductive reasoning I do not believe that human beings are the sum of their parts, some of that reasoning I have outlined for you.  A computer is, and while there are some similarities between computers and sentient beings, a computer is not self aware nor can it be.  It has no life or will of it’s own, although Brian might disagree with me on that.  It comes back to cogito ergo sum.  A soul cannot be tangible in any way, it cannot be composed of matter or energy that one could interact with within the physical realm.  If it could, then it would just be something that would run down and be reduced to nothing like all matter and energy in the universe, and the end result would be oblivion anyways.  For me it would be easier to believe that I am eternal and everything around me is an illusion than to believe that I don’t really exist as a sentient conscious being.  I can believe that I exist (in some form) regardless, and if I choose to accept that everything around me is real then I can also believe that you exist.  So it’s not a matter of whether or not I’m interacting with a soul, I’m interacting with a body.  Either way, you aren’t going to live forever, the question of whether or not there is existence beyond life has no bearing on whether or not you die, what it will effect is whether or not you’re better off alive or dead.

    Creation is not science, neither is evolution.  Science can only deal with empirical data and origins cannot be studied emperically.  Of course what someone beleivs about origins affects how they interpret data, but origins are always assumed and never proven.  Creation Science is an approach which involves taking a more in depth and analytical approach to the Biblical origin account and explaining it in context with scientific laws and data.  While I maintain that origins are outside of science, I do believe that some square with scienctific facts better than others.  A self creating universe does not square well with scientific laws, or at all for that matter.  Whereas, attributing the origin of the universe to something outside the universe provides a mechanism to explain existence without being constrained by natural laws. 

    Creation Science = a Christian approach to interpreting data

    Evolution = an atheistic/pantheistic approach to interpreting data

  • I’m sorry to hear that you take this point of view of death. I enjoy life a great deal, and do not look forward to the cessation of consciousness. For a while, this caused me to lose a great deal of sleep. Sleep seemed a little too close to death for my comfort. That terror has subsided lately because of my realization that I can’t do anything about it one way or the other and fretting about death sours the only life I’m likely to get.

    “A soul cannot be tangible in any way, it cannot be composed of matter or energy that one could interact with within the physical realm.”

    I thought that earlier you said: “I tend to see the brain as being a conduit which ties the body to the soul.”

    How would it tie the body to the soul with no interaction with brain matter?

    Biologists are kind of like forensics experts. All a forensics expert has to go on is the evidence left as a result of the murder/death. S/he can’t directly observe the murder/death, but instead looks at the evidence, such as DNA, fingerprints, etc. Often this evidence is convincing enough to produce reasonable convictions. Although the process is not infallible, it tends to work pretty well.

    Disciplines that look at origins do about the same thing. In “A Brief History of Time” Stephen Hawking explains that scientists developed big bang theory based on the solutions to the theory of general relativity combined with the fact that the the galaxies are moving away from us at an enormous rate. Big Bang theory doesn’t just stand or fall based on incoming evidence, but it’s constantly modified by new evidence.

    Scientific Origins theories are not based on atheism or pantheism, but rather on methodological (not metaphysical) naturalism.

    Some scientists do get the two confused, I will agree. Albert Einstein, a Spinozan Deist (fancy word for atheist), was very disturbed at the implications of his mathematics. He didn’t want to imagine a beginning to time or the universe because of the religious implications, so he fudged his numbers, adding a cosmological constant to explain away the facts that imply the universe had a beginning. Eventually, he admitted that this was the biggest mistake of his career. This sort of thing can happen, but due to the intense competition between scientists, ignoring the evidence because of one’s emotions will soon invite intense criticism.

    Creationism is a bit different, though. No matter what evidence turns up, they will never abandon their conclusion that the Almighty created everything ex nihilo. They are absolutely certain that they know how everything came into being, so they spend most of their time pointing out the gaps in current scientific theories. This is all well and good, in a way. Science is all about filling gaps of knowledge, so that sort of criticism is great.

    However, Creationist hypotheses cannot be truly falsified. Who cares what evidence is presented, when a omnipotent being is assumed to have created the evidence? The earth and the universe appears old? God made it that way. That renders further research into the past from a Creationist perspective pointless.

    Again, I don’t have direct access to all the evidence and have only been reading books and articles on the subject. Biological Evolution does seem very counter-intuitive, but so does quantum mechanics so I accept that truth isn’t always obvious. I do think that evidence based investigation is best way to form conclusions. It has it’s limitations (quantum uncertainty comes to mind), but relying on ancient reports of divine revelation will never yield a comparable amount of useful knowledge.

    Another problem with equating evolution with an atheistic approach to data interpretation is that the methods biologists used to formulate evolutionary theory, was pioneered by Christians who wanted to investigate the natural laws of the world. As Stephen Hawking pointed out, we see a multiplicity of physical laws in the universe, so God seems to contrain himself to those physical laws. To him, investigating the nature and origins of the universe is away to see the “mind of God.” Stephen Hawking isn’t a Christian, of course, but his statements reflect the Christian worldview that started these investigations we call science.

  • @St_Faustus - 

    I want a perpetual sleep state. “How would it tie the body to the soul with no interaction with brain matter?” –I never said there was no interaction, I just said that there is no way to see a soul because it has no substance. I have tried explaining it to you. We know that new memories form new neural pathways, but are the pathways a product of the thoughts or are the thoughts a product of the pathways. It’s a chicken or the egg type argument, which is impossible to prove conclusively either way in such a way that would satisfy all parties.

    I wouldn’t say “biologists” because in this case we are specifically talking about evolutionists. Of course I have heard this argument before and it is a false comparison. Forensic science tells you how something died, and it is time sensitive because evidence decays with the corpse. If you find a fresh body with a smashed head then you can probably conclude that it died from a smashed head, although the smashed head could still have occured post mortem. Now if you find skeletal fragments buried in the dirt, the thing could have died of a smashed head if the skull is fragmented, but it could also be that the skeleton has just fallen apart due to natural decay processes. It’s time sensitive. What forensic science cannot tell you, is whether the organism was different from it’s parents, or whether it gave birth to children that were different than it was. Those types of conclusions are assumptions, which are not arrived at emperically, and that is why origins are a philosophical field outside of science.

    Of course the universe had to have a beginning anyways because of the 1st two laws of thermodynamics.

    There are a variety of ways in which creation could be falsified:
    1. Present empirical data proving that matter and energy can come from nothing completely on their own.
    2. Present empirical data showing that planets and stars can form from dust clouds in spite of Boyles gas law and in spite of the fact that gravity is determined by mass and a dust or gas cloud has insufficient mass to generate a center of gravity.
    3. Present empirical data for spontaneous generation, showing that life can spontaneously form from non-life. And by that I mean life in the scientific sense.
    4. Point to some real life examples of evolution in progress rather than hypothetical or “theoretical” examples. For example, if evolution is real, we should have an abundant hodgepodge of intermediate forms and stages, like a trail, and I don’t just mean in the ‘fossil record’ (which we don’t see), but in real life as well. There should be a visible trail of intermediate forms still around, and if punctuated equilibrium is the method, then we ought to be seeing parents give birth to offspring that are radically different. In that case, things should be like the Marvel Universe with strange new children being born with radical new abilities and forms.

    Now if all that stuff is impossible now, then there is no reason to assume that it was possible in the past. Such an assumption would be a leap of faith, and I see no reason for that. I still believe you know better than to call evolution science. You know that they have no evidence for it and that they operate on philosophic presuppositions. You can read as much of their literature as you want but you will still find no evidence, and I find it humorous because they always place disclaimers in their articles stating that they really don’t know, which just further illustrates how they have proven nothing. It is true that they are always modifying the theory, but they never consider throwing it out because the assumptions are not to be questioned.

  • “We know that new memories form new neural pathways, but are the pathways a product of the thoughts or are the thoughts a product of the pathways. It’s a chicken or the egg type argument, which is impossible to prove conclusively either way in such a way that would satisfy all parties.”

    I highly doubt that it is impossible to prove. Neuroscience is constantly refining techniques for studying the workings of the brain.

    You’re very right that the evidence decays over time. However, Those Who Study Life (if “biologist” isn’t a good enough for you), look at the evidence that is left over and try to take into account the fact that it has decayed. Are you saying they shouldn’t try? Even if evolution is wrong, what’s wrong with the method? Is it better to put conclusions before evidence the way Creationists do?

    “There are a variety of ways in which creation could be falsified:
    1. Present empirical data proving that matter and energy can come from nothing completely on their own.”

    Quantum gravitational singularities are hard for me to conceptualize since I have no background in calculus, but I don’t think anyone positively asserts that it came from nothing. I think Hawking said that though their math can calculate up to a billionth of a second after the big bang, nothing before the big bang can be observed or calculated and it may forever lie outside of the realm of physics. Of course, that doesn’t give any weight to the bare assertion that the universe was caused by conscious invisible being who answers individual prayer requests.

    “3. Present empirical data for spontaneous generation, showing that life can spontaneously form from non-life.”

    That would indeed be cool. Perhaps our explorations of Mars will reveal bacteria living deep in the crust of mars. We’re unlikely to obtain core samples of mars within our lifetimes, sad to say.

    “There should be a visible trail of intermediate forms still around, and if punctuated equilibrium is the method, then we ought to be seeing parents give birth to offspring that are radically different.”

    I think most agree that that sort of saltationism is completely false.

    “I still believe you know better than to call evolution science.”

    Right or wrong, evolution is the result of Charles Darwin’s evidence based investigations.

    Creationism is the result of conclusion based investigations, though. Creationists know that they are right because the writings of a bronze age tribe tell them so.

  • This has provoked quite the discussion in my (admittedly small) circle of friends.  Kudos to the enthusiasm with which both of you have attacked this topic, and the thoroughness with which you both have explored its implications.

  • @St_Faustus - Sorry for the belated response.  Got bogged down with a paper, power outages, and then a rash of responses in one of the forums here. 

    I doubt that it could be proven scientifically.  Science can only deal with the physical universe and thus metaphysics are beyond the purview of science.

    Of course you know that I make no blanket statements about all biologists, or all scientists, as neither all scientists nor all biologists believe in evolution.  When I say evolutionists I refer specifically those who believe in evolutionism.  I also believe that you realize comparing what they do to forensic science is not an accurate analogy.  Forensic science can possibly determine how an organism died depending on the condition of the remains, it cannot determine what the children looked like or were like.  Logically we can assume that when an organism has children they are of the same kind as the parents.  There are no real life examples of one type of life form giving birth to another.  Evolutionists sometimes find ambiguous bone fragments and trump them up as a missing link because they can find no living specimens of the same kind.  However, the lack of living specimins at most only indicates that the life form is extinct.  Fossils exist in the present, and by finding them you cannot prove whether or not the life form had any children, much less children that were different than it was.  If you accept those ideas then you have to accept them on faith because there is no evidence.  It only seems reasonable to people who are either (a) gullible, and impressed by credentials more than evidence, or (b) people who have already accepted the supposition that there is no God.  Now what method are you referring to?  It is entirely understandable that people wish to substantiate and perpetuate their religion, what I object to is the use of government money to perpetuate it.  Evolutionists most certainly put conclusions before the evidence, they operate under the supposition that the universe must be the product of itself.  There are some Creationists who no nothing, but Creation does not violate any scientific laws or historical data.  It is true that Creationists do not generally reject the proposition that God is responsible for the universe, but evolutionists do not reject the notion that the universe is responsible for itself. 

    The finite must begin with the infinite, and order is the product of intelligence.  Now whether or not God answers prayers is a seperate issue.  It could be that the Creator made everything and left it to rot, which on the surface seems to be what the 1st 2 laws of thermodynamics indicate.  I agree that it is difficult to prove whether or not God answers prayers.  There are people who ask God for a variety of small things that will probably happen anyways, and then when they happen 40% of the time they assume their prayers have been answered.  Of course in cases like that you just never know, which is why you have to seek the answer to that question yourself.  God not answering prayers just means that he may not answer prayers.  It may lead one to be angry with God but the fact of the matter is God is not a wishing well or a gene, he has obligations to no one, he cannot be forced, and if he did answer everyones prayers he would either have to alter people’s minds or isolate people in their own seperate universes.  In a fallen wicked world people have all kinds of evil thoughts and conflicting interests.  I knew a guy at ORU that actually prayed that God would kill someone who he was mad at.  Most people who are strong Christians will testify that they have at least one concrete example of God intervening in their life.  A lot of them could be hogwash and emotional delusion, but some could be real assuming you are willing to trust the person.  Even I, being one of the not so spiritual sorts and typically not having my prayers answered, have what I believe to be a definite concrete experience.  If you wish to hear it I am willing to share, and whether or not you chose to believe it is up to you.  However, none of that would be as effective as you having your own experience.  

    The fact of the matter is that gravity is generated by mass and there is a direct relationship between mass and gravitational pull.  This is why Earth has more gravity than the moon, and the sun has more gravity than earth.  I realize that there are evolultionists postulating that gravity wells can exist independant of matter, but that is just an example of envoking the mystical to explain something that science cannot.  Nothing is literally nothing, it can give rise to nothing and it can generate no gravitational pull.  Hawking is not a full fledged evolutionist.  He believes in a God and quotes from him have been used by Carl Baugh to refute evolutionism. 

    OK, finding bacteria on Mars will not prove evolutionism.  If they find life on Mars all it means is that there is life on Mars, it does not in any way explain how life got there because in order to see how it got there you must go into the past and watch it happen, and all we can study is the present.  Creating life in a laboratory also would not prove evolutionism, in fact it would be a demonstration of how intelligence can create life.  Actually I believe they may already have done so, either that or they are close to it.

    Actually the argument of Creation vs. Evolution is far FAR older than Darwin.  The ancient Greeks debated the matter, and Darwin just ripped off the ideas from his grandfather Erasmus Darwin and didn’t bother to give him any of the credit.  Darwin studied birds and lizards but the conclusions he came from were not based on the evidence.  He saw different kinds of birds and assumed that the variations within a species made some more capable of filling certain niches than others.  He then made a huge leap of faith and assumed that they were descended from other things besides birds.  With what we know about genetics today we know that there are many traits which can be carried without being expressed except under the right circumstances.  If Darwin proposed his theories in the full light of modern science they would have been rejected. 

    If you wish to talk specifically about Biblical Creation it is true that there is a certain degree of faith involved.  Origins are not beliefs which can be emperically verified because there can be no observation of the events.  It is intellectually dishonest to assume otherwise, however, Creation does not contradict any emperical data or scientific laws whereas evolutionism does.  Also is corroboration for some of the major points in Genesis, whereas there is nothing that lends credence to evolutionism. 

  • @mammothsun - Thankyou, I’m glad I could be of assistance.  I am here to help others, well, that and to complain about things that irritate me from time to time.  Anyways the debate is still going on, don’t be a stranger.

  • -mammothsun: Thanks! I’m glad to hear that our discussion has inspired more discussion and thought!

    -jmsnooks
    There’s no need to debate the specifics of the differences between forensics fact finding and evolutionary fact finding. The purpose of the analogy was to explain that both extrapolate into the past. I would agree that more accurate and more specific results can be obtained from forensics than from either cosmic or paleontological extrapolation.

    “Science can only deal with the physical universe and thus metaphysics are beyond the purview of science.”

    Science is the investigation of the nature of reality based on facts. Truly, we cannot observe the past. I agree. However, we can look at the products of the past and attempt to extrapolate what may have happened. Microwave radiation is the best example. No one observed the big bang, but the intense microwave radiation in every direction was predicted by big bang theory. That’s evidence, but it’s not dogmatic absolute knowledge. One of the best things about modern science is that it’s shown us the limits of our knowledge (quantum uncertainty, etc.)

    As I have said in the past, I don’t mind the fact that Science has limitations. What bothers me about criticisms of the scope of Science is that nothing can replace it. Divine revelation? Most humans, including myself have occasionally had intense subjective experience. Do any of those experiences validate specific propositions that religion makes, such as bodily resurrection, the creation of the world, or even the miracles of Moses or Jesus? They don’t shed any useful knowledge about the world.

    The only way we can learn anything is by investigating the facts and being critical of anyone who claims to have the truth just beamed into their heads by god(s).

    “The finite must begin with the infinite…”

    Sure, if you accept the unimpressive credentials of the bible.

    “…and order is the product of intelligence.”

    Order’s a vague concept. Diamonds naturally arise from unordered atoms and molecules. Did god(s) did that too?

    “Hawking is not a full fledged evolutionist.”

    Yeah, he really is. Here’s a link to his ruminations on life on earth.
    http://www.hawking.org.uk/lectures/life.html

    I watched a youtube video (I can’t provide a link since I’m at work) that showed an interviewer asking him what he meant by God since he referenced God so often. He replied that he believed in Einstein and Spinoza’s God: the embodiment of all physical laws. He occasionally speculates that a being may have started the big bang, but he makes no dogmatic statement. He’s a very spiritual man in the same sense that Carl Sagan was: filled with an intense awe for the workings of the cosmos.

    “Evolutionists most certainly put conclusions before the evidence, they operate under the supposition that the universe must be the product of itself.”

    That’s a classic argument from “Answers in Genesis”. Scientists do not postulate the existence of any unsupported entity to explain events that have natural explanation. To do so would just be plain lazy. I can imagine resistance to the germ theory of disease in this vein.

    Scientist: “I have found evidence that very small creatures may cause disease.”

    Response: “Only people who deny the existence of demons would assume that diseases arise from natural processes. We know by divine revelation in the Gospels that our Lord healed diseases by casting devils out of them.”

    Scientist: “Oh, I see all of my research was a waste of time. The Bible has all the answers!”

    The truth is that your method of questioning facts about evolution is great. Facts, theories, and hypotheses should be questioned all the time, but the Bible isn’t trustworthy at all. It describes phenomena that we never observe outside an illusionist’s parlor. Whole sections, such as the Exodus, have little to no factual historical basis in archeology. My biggest problem with the bible is that there can be no proof for its most important assertion, the resurrection of Jesus Christ. I’d like to have even one solid reason that I should believe it, besides Pascal’s, “God will torment me if I don’t.”

    No, Darwin wasn’t the first to come up with the idea but I admire him for one reason. He was in the class of scientist that I most admire, the one who writes for both fellow scientists and people who have never had a scientific backing. If it weren’t for people like Darwin, Dennet, Sagan, Hawking, or Dawkins, the secrets of the universe would be just that, secrets.

  • @St_Faustus - 

    I think we know eachother well enough that there is no reason for us to underestimate one another’s intellects.  I have respected you by not making any assertions that would underestimate your intellect.  So I’m going to ask that you refrain from the use of analogies which you know are not viable comparisons.  If I had a more normal type intellect and if you did as well then I would expect comments comparing evolutionism to gravity and forensics but you know that the anologies are bogus and I know that, and you should know that I know.  Of course evolutionary extrapolations are not based on any kind of evidence, and that is the biggest difference between evolutionism and forensics.  Also, forensics explains things within the context of real life, whereas evolutionary ‘extrapolations’ are not things that anyone has ever seen or emperically verified. 

    The big bang is impossible.  When has energy from an explosion ever been anything but completely lost?  The Big Bang theory did not predict microwave radiation or anything else.  Ideas that you come up with are not predictions when the results already exist.  Evolutionists continually make up stories when new facts come to life, but what it amounts to is basically the addition of more time.  “Long ago and far away” makes the absurd seem more plausible.  And what about the law of conservation of angular momentum?  If things did begin with an explosion than all galaxies ought to be spinning in the same direction.  I agree that the material world is evidence, but not evidence for evolutionism.  The fact that people assume it is and are unwilling to reject, scrutinize, or even reconsider the possibility that the universe is not self existing does not give me the impression of objectivity.  For instance, evolutionists believe that the solar system formed out of a dust cloud (in spite of how it contradicts the 2nd law of thermodynamics and Boyles gas law) because they believe in the big bang and a self assembling universe.  It does not cross their mind to consider that the barest most logical and feasible assumption ought to be that the Solar System was always like it is now, except a bit better to begin with as entropy takes it’s toll over time.  Anyways, they look at the solar system, and compose an origin story and assume that since the inner planets are terrestrial and the outer planets gaseous that the gravity of the sun influenced accretion and the gas giants formed further away because they are composed of lighter elements, regardless of the fact that the sun is composed of those elements.  Then, they start to discover large gas giants in other solar systems that exist close to their stars, and rather than reconsidering the notion of self assembling planets and stars, they just assume that the gas giants accreted in the outer limits of the solar system in question, migrated inwards, and swallowed up the terrestrial planets.  Anyone can make up an origin story and then claim that because the material universe exists their origin story is true.  I could say that microwave radiation is a product of a cosmic sneeze from Elgmar the Oldest: http://jmsnooks.deviantart.com/art/Elgmar-the-Oldest-10722691  And I could follow it up by putting the burden of proof on you to prove me wrong rather than proving myself correct based on actual scientific data.

    But again, it is not up to science to explain the origin of the universe.  That is a philosophical matter not a scientific one.  Science can only operate within the realm of emperical data.  Once you go outside of that you enter the realm of speculation and faith.  You are trying to turn science into a religion and science cannot serve that function.  Edger Rice Burroughs said in the Martian Tales Trilogy that it is hard to ask a man to give up his religion without offering him a substitute, and he is correct.  For the sake of our personal sanity we have to have a paradigm that accounts for things, but I’m telling you what you already know, or what you at least used to know.  You cannot account for existence through science, you can only understand how it works, and not even completely so.  Origins are outside of the scope of science.  Look at what you are saying, you are trying to have science serve the function of a religion as well.  Of course there is a great deal in the Bible which has not been, nor can be, empirically verified, but I never tried to redefine science or expand the definition of it to include my theosophical beliefs.  You are free to reject the Bible if you wish, but I must remind you, that even if the Bible is false, that does not automatically make evolutionism correct.  That notion is predicated upon a false dichotomy, although, if my only options were to choose between evolutionism and the Bible then I would still chose the Bible.  I believe the Bible presents a far more plausible and rational scenario for things, and if you follow the principle of Occums razor then you ought to go with the Bible because that is the far more simplistic explanation.

    Of course I realize that subjective experiences count as evidence for nothing whatsoever.  Do you take me for some kind of breast feeding bed wetting sissy?  Actually, the experience I would share with you, is not subjective, and can be corroborated by my best friend.  I would share it with you because I consider you a friend, but I mentioned that you could “take it or leave it” because it is such a thing that can only be explained away by believing that I am a liar, or that my friend who can also vouch for it, is a liar as well. 

    “The only way we can learn anything is by investigating the facts and being critical of anyone who claims to have the truth just beamed into their heads by god(s).”

    –Except that when it comes to origins it is really a matter of choosing between one set of philosophic presuppositions or another, so I will choose whichever one makes the most sense.

    Diamonds…  Well in a way yes, because those molecules were designed(or if you prefer structured) to fit together in such a way.  At any rate I do not believe the analogy is valid.  First of all we have observed diamonds forming (or have we?  I know that they have been created in labs but I’m not sure whether or not anyone has witnessed the formation), second, the formation of diamonds violates no natural or scientific laws.  Evolutionism does, at any rate, if you found a brick in the woods then you would automatically assume that it is a product of design, even though you have not witnessed it’s formation, neither have you seen the designer.  Now why is it that when you look at a bacteria you just assume that it is the product of spontaneous generation?  Which is more complex?  Which is more likely to form spontaneously?  The problem is that the there is a fundamental flaw in the thought process behind evolutionism.

    Well the belief in any sort of deity is a break from the mainstream evolutionary belief system.  At least, the belief in a deity that actually does something.  I remember back when I was arguing with Sparky he supposedly believed in some kind of deity but his deity didn’t actually do anything at all.  The normal evolutionary platform attributes the origin of the universe to the universe itself and invokes the something from nothing which we keep coming back too.  Attributing the starting point, and any other points, to a deity is a ‘god of the gaps’ type of paradigm.

    As humorous as the story is…  Well…  The analogy is also poor.  First of all, the Bible never said that all diseases were attributable to evil spirits.  We both know the Bible does not teach that.  Second, we can actually observe diseases and we know they are there because of empirical studies.  Curing diseases is actual science, it’s called operational science.  The Bible is not my basis for disbelieving in evolution.  It is just that the tautological aspects of evolution coupled with the complete lack of proof do not give me any grounds for disbelieving in the Bible.  I think that you have rejected the Bible for philosophical reasons and then tried to convince yourself that evolultionism is the true origin (false dichotomy).

    The Ippuwer (spelling?) text backs up Exodus.  As to Jesus, what sort of evidence would you consider proof?  There is a great book out called “The Case for Christ” by Lee Strobel that deals with some of those issues. 

    I do not admire Darwin.  He leaped to all sorts of false conclusions and although he didn’t come up with evolutionism he certainly popularized it.  I have not seen any good fruit come out of that paradigm, but I have seen Nazism and Communism come out of it.  All it does is give people an excuse to live without objective morality and it makes racist people feel like they have a rational explanation what they do and think.  Dawkins and Sagan are fruitcakes in my book.  And you know that they have not unlocked any secrets.  To do so requires actual knowledge not speculation.

     

  • Just skimmed:

    I believe that there are demons.

    I believe demons prefer to cause all sorts of weird beliefs in humans to deceive us.

    I believe that demons are both powerful and (super)knowledgeable in many ways.

    I believe that demons like to play ghost to draw humans away from the salvation found in faith in Jesus Christ.

  • @jmsnooks - 

    It appears that you took a few of my remarks as personal insults. They were not in any way intended. I present arguments that have assisted in my understanding of science. I’m not trying to hoodwink you or insult your intellect.

    “The big bang is impossible. When has energy from an explosion ever been anything but completely lost?”

    Pardon me for not trusting your or my own understanding of physics and big bang theory. If I had time or the aptitude, I’d take calculus and check all of Hawking’s equations, but I can’t. This isn’t an appeal to authority, though. I do know that science is very competitive and there are many people who have spent their entire careers trying to disprove his theories. When they’ve been right, he’s “recanted” his theories and reworked them so that they make more sense. One thing they all agree on is that the universe was the result of an explosion. This is the inevitable result (as far as I understand) of the equations of general relativity. You could say that they’re just godless evolutionists and want to believe in this anyway, but that has not historically been the case. Physicists were very uncomfortable with Big Bang theory because it seemed to have religious implications. The math was good, though, so it became accepted as the predominant theory. If you haven’t read Hawking’s “A Brief History of Time”, I recommend it. It greatly expanded my understanding of physics.

    “That is a philosophical matter not a scientific one.”

    I would really like to know what you really mean by this. I understand what you mean when you say that it’s not scientific, though I think you’re wrong. What source of knowledge does philosophy have that science doesn’t have access to?

    “You are free to reject the Bible if you wish, but I must remind you, that even if the Bible is false, that does not automatically make evolutionism correct.”

    No, it doesn’t. After I became an atheist, I still didn’t believe in evolution. My skepticism toward religion didn’t lessen my skepticism toward any other field. However, upon reading Dawkin’s books on evolution, it seemed much more plausible than any other possibility. As a creationist, I only read accounts of evolution written by creationists and I was surprised to see that book written by evolutionists were grossly misrepresented.

    “I believe the Bible presents a far more plausible and rational scenario for things…”

    There’s just no compelling proof that it’s true. The problem is that miracles just don’t happen.

    “Of course I realize that subjective experiences count as evidence for nothing whatsoever. Do you take me for some kind of breast feeding bed wetting sissy?”

    Not at all. All I was saying was that scripture cannot be validated by any experience that does not pertain specifically to it’s claims, such as the resurrection. I was trying to criticize the concept of divine revelation as a replacement for science as a source of knowledge. Don’t look for insults. I have none to offer.

    “The Ippuwer (spelling?) text backs up Exodus.”

    I couldn’t find anything on it with a google search.

    “…as to Jesus, what sort of evidence would you consider proof? There is a great book out called “The Case for Christ” by Lee Strobel that deals with some of those issues. “

    The problem is that there’s really no way to prove Jesus came back to life. I have no business believing in a man dying and getting back up in three days if I am not there, in person witnessing his death, decay, and return to life and health. I just don’t trust the pre-scientific superstitious authors of the gospels. I have Case for Faith, but I’ve read Case for Christ. As a Christian I was depressed at how woefully inadequate it was to provide anything resembling real proof for Christ.

    “–Except that when it comes to origins it is really a matter of choosing between one set of philosophic presuppositions or another, so I will choose whichever one makes the most sense.”

    Sure. The great thing about scientific models of evolution is that when new evidence appears, the theory is thrown out or modified to better explain what we have. The Bible is based on the stories of the ancient superstitious. They knew so very little about the world that they lived in and I do not trust their conclusions.

    You and I both know a lot about the bible I think. Origins aside, why do you think it’s true? Its world of miracles, personal deities, talking animals, and violent morals does not describe or fit our world we live in today.

  • @St_Faustus - It may be that neither of us has a great deal of talent when it comes to long drawn out complex mathematical calculations, but you do have the capacity to understand that energy from explosions are lost (which goes along with the 2nd law of thermodynamics), and that there is a direct relationship between gravity and mass.  Mars has less gravity than earth and Mars is smaller, Jupiter has more gravity than earth and Jupiter is bigger.  Granted Jupiter is less dense, but all in all it consists of more matter than does the earth, hence the greater gravity.  The sun is the biggest and most massive and also has the most gravity of any bodies in the solar system.  Now suppose you have no mass at all, how can you have gravity?  You cannot, unless you wish to attribute gravity to some invisible force other than mass, such as pagan deities.  Many ancient people often assumed there was intelligence living in the celestial bodies, hence the beliefs in astrology.  I personally do not believe that but if you want to go that rout I cannot think of any way to refute it.  As to Hawkings calculations, if they are not based on something we can actually observe than what are they based on?  You can have long drawn out calculations which have no bearing on reality.  Not that I mean to disrespect Hawking, but when it comes to origins there can be no observation so I do not take seriously any materialist extrapolations which go against the laws of physics.

    Science has no answers and can produce none (short of inventing a time machine) when it comes to origins.  Philosophy deals with metaphysics and ideology, and origins belong in that field because there is no physical mechanism that can explain the origin of things.  I do not consider philosophy (in spite of the technical definition) to be knowledge, most of it is just sophistry or metaphysical extrapolations.  Origins fit fairly well into that catagory since they are based upon extrapolations rather than hard data and they have wide reaching metaphysical implications. 

    Well I read evolutionist literature from time to time and have done so for many years.  Granted most of what I have read is articles and textbooks, but the peer reviewed articles are where the actual attempts to research evolution are written of by the researchers themselves.  It suffices to say that I remain unimpressed by what I have found.  Of course there are also Creationists I disagree with, such as the people at AIG.

    Perhaps no compelling proof for you.  I agree that the ‘miracles’ at ORU are completely lacking in substantiation, and in fact most of the miracles you might hear of you only hear of and not see for yourself.  Of course, I beleive I told you that I experiences a miracle, if you change your mind and decide you want to hear it then the invitation still stands.  Even if miracles did not happen at all in the present, that does not mean that they cannot have happened in the past.  The ancient world seems to have had a vitality that the modern world has lost, for the most part.  I tend to believe that miracles are more a thing of the past, at any rate, no miracle is as great as the miracle of creation, bringing forth matter, energy, and life, from nothing.

    The fact of the matter is that science can only deal with the emperical, and origins lie beyond that, for better or worse.  There is no reason why true science and actual divine revelation ought to clash.  If there is a clash then it means that one or both is not what it claims to be.

    You probably could not find anything about the Ipuwer text because I spelled it wrong.  I actually wrote an entry about it a long time ago: http://www.xanga.com/jmsnooks/206304178/item.html  And I can provide a link to a transcript of the text as well: http://www.geocities.com/regkeith/linkipuwer.htm  With knowledge of the correct spelling your search ought to now produce more fruitful results.

    It is true that you cannot see it for yourself, however there were a great many witnesses that would attest to it, unfortunately they are all dead now.  You could dismiss that on the grounds that they were all followers of Jesus, however, I fail to see how anyone could witness the resurrection and not become a follower.  So you are unlikely to find any eye witness accounts of seeing a risen Jesus from a non-Christian source.  Of course what baffles me, is why you do not apply the same level of “I’ll believe it when I see it” scrutiny to evolutionism, which has absolutely no witnesses.   You seem to be using ‘superstitious’ as a pejorative term.  Superstitions are self contained folkish beliefs which are incomplete in and of themselves.  Having a history and a set of laws and guidlines, especially when it is written down in a book or holy text, is not superstition, it is a theosophy.  The quote I posted from Robert Redfield in this entry does a great job explaining the difference between superstition and religion.  Now I realize that among atheists it seems to be in vogue to equate belief in any kind of supernatural with superstition, however, that is subjective, and it is a sword which cuts both ways.  Under that definition you would also qualify as being superstitios because, for example, you believe that life came from non-life (which is unnatural and not possible in the natural), or matter and energy came from…  Where?  Those things do not happen in the natural, they are supernatural.

    It is true that for the most part I tend to disbelieve in miracles, and I see no reason to believe that God is involved in everything.  I think for the most part he sits back and lets things happen.  However, I find that the Bible is fairly well substantiated as compared with other belief systems.  There are a great many cultures with accounts of a world wide flood, some which match the Biblical account very closely.  The Chinese language actually contains most of the events described in Genesis up to the tower of Babel, which would be when the Chinese split away from the other Semetic groups.  All of which is well described in “The Discovery of Genesis” by Kang and Nelson.  Much of the Bible is corroborated by archaeology and ancient primary documents.  Aside from that however, I find that a lot of what is happening in our modern world corroborates Biblical prophecy (for better or worse).  The reformation of Israel is one example.  Also the plan to divide the world up into 10 regions goes along with Daniel and Revelation, the increasing hegemony of the UN and trend towards a one world government seems to add proof to the prophecies about a horrific world hegemony that is to come.  Revelation also prophecies about an asteroid striking the earth, and follows through by describing the after affects.  This one may be proven true in our lifetimes depending upon whether or not Apophis strikes the earth.  Also the mark of the beast…  In the last election JK mentioned using the rice chip in conjunction with homeland security in one of the debates.  It was a rather foolish thing for him to say and sent chills of horror down my skin but it may be that the idiot leaked something that was being discussed in one of those secret cult meetings they all go to.

  • “It may be that neither of us has a great deal of talent when it comes to long drawn out complex mathematical calculations, but you do have the capacity to understand that energy from explosions are lost (which goes along with the 2nd law of thermodynamics), and that there is a direct relationship between gravity and mass.”

    Ok, In “A Brief History of Time,” Hawking discusses the lost heat. “Since temperature is simply a measure of the average energy – or speed – of the particles, this cooling of the universe would have a major effect on the matter in it…[the universe at the big bang was] infinitely hot. But as the universe expanded, the temperature of the radiation decreased. One second after the big bang, it would have fallen to about ten thousand million degrees [this is where the intimidating math comes in!]…As the universe continued to expand and the temperature to drop, the rate at which electron/anti-electron pairs were being produced in collisions would have fallen below the rate at which they were being destroyed by annihilation.” He goes on to state that if we gain the ability to detect neutrinos (if they have mass), then we would have a better picture of how hot the universe was. I’m not sure what your problem really is in that regard. The universe has become less dense and less hot. What’s the contradiction between your point and Hot Big Bang Theory?

    With that in mind, I will attempt a couple of further explanations for your allegation that all heat should be “lost” in an explosion. The first is that the heat that was given off was detected in the form of background microwave radiation. The second is that based on the fact that the law of conservation of energy states that the total amount of energy in any isolated system remains constant but cannot be recreated, although it may change forms. One form that the energy from the big bang may have been transferred to may be the huge kinetic energy that the galaxies appear to have. Most of them are moving away from each other and us at extremely high velocities. I’m not sure these are the explanations that modern physicists use, but these are the ones that came to my mind.

    If I understand your statements about gravity as relating to your disagreement with the nebular hypothesis, I think Professor Dutch had the best responses: “In interstellar space, even a fairly thin gas can have enough density to begin contracting under its own gravity. As it contracts, it will heat up, but its gravity will be enough to overcome any tendency to expand because of Boyle’s Law. Everything exists because of a balance between gravity and some other force. Small objects (paramecia, poodles, people, planets) reach a balance between gravity and atomic bonding. Normal stars balance gravity with radiation pressure. White dwarfs and neutron stars balance gravity with forces between atomic particles.”

    “Of course what baffles me, is why you do not apply the same level of “I’ll believe it when I see it” scrutiny to evolutionism, which has absolutely no witnesses.”

    Well, I have come to a different conclusion than you have as to the factual basis underlying evolution, but I can’t say that I “believe” in it the same way I believed in Jesus/God/Christianity. I believed in the supernatural based on the authority of a collection of books written by bronze age and iron age primitives who had no methods suited to systematically investigating the world around them.

    My understanding of evolutionary theory is a bit different. I’ve been trying to read the disagreeing experts in biology and other scientific fields in order to weigh their arguments. Based on what I’ve read so far, Creationist scientists are not as dedicated to serious consideration of the facts as are the evolutionary scientists.

    Hawking’s books have convinced me that big bang theory is based on some pretty solid evidence, but if he threw it out based on new evidence (which if there were evidence that invalidated the big bang, he most certainly would throw it out), I wouldn’t really be bothered. It would be just another example of science’s self correcting mechanisms taking effect.

    Dawkin’s books have led me to the point where I can accept evolutionary explanations for the world around me, but I’m not convinced enough to just stop reading up on the facts. I still read creationist texts, but their arguments tend to be based on either the misrepresentation of evolutionist positions, or the over reliance on the bible, rather than the serious consideration of geological, biological, anthropological, or paleontological evidence.

    As to the nature of “witnesses”, I’ll compare a couple of examples: the crossing of the Red Sea, and hominid descent from apelike ancestors. In neither case can we witness the events described, but if either were true, we would expect to see some physical results of each event.

    With the Red Sea crossing, we would expect physical evidence of a dead Egyptian army, and physical evidence of the Israelites’ presence in Egypt. The disreputable Ron Wyatt is the only person who has even tried to claim that he has evidence of this. Serious archaeologists, Christian and secular, have pretty much united in their criticism of him, his findings, and his methodology.

    We would also expect a little more evidence of the Hebrew’s long multi-generational slavery in Egypt than is found in the Bible. From what I’ve read so far, the Ipuwer doc has some thematic parallels to the Exodus account (the plagues seem to be referenced), but it doesn’t exactly mention the Hebrews nor does it link their supposed plight with the plagues. Modern Egyptologists do not consider it to be proof that the Hebrews ever resided in Egypt. In order for me to come to the conclusion that the Exodus account is true, I would have to believe that an invisible superbeing inspired the holy texts of the Torah.

    Now, Darwin’s evolutionary theory by natural selection predicted that we would find evidence that humans and apes have a common ancestry.

    Later, paleontologists found fragments of skeletons of Homo Erectus, Homo Habilis, Homo Floresiensis, and Neanderthal Man. These (especially the first two) have apelike and humanoid characteristics. Later still, we mapped the chimpanzee genome and discovered that our genome differs from theirs by about 1.23%. That, plus the morphological similarities to other apes leads me to grudgingly accept the rather humiliating kinship.

    “Having a history and a set of laws and guidelines, especially when it is written down in a book or holy text, is not superstition, it is a theosophy.”

    When I use the term, I use it in the way Webster defines it:

    Superstition: 1 a: a belief or practice resulting from ignorance, fear of the unknown, trust in magic or chance, or a false conception of causation b: an irrational abject attitude of mind toward the supernatural, nature, or God resulting from superstition 2: a notion maintained despite evidence to the contrary.

    Another way to describe superstition is as the belief in actions that produce results unconnected and unsupported by scientific causation.

    “Much of the Bible is corroborated by archaeology and ancient primary documents.” Much of it is. The miracles are only supported by ancient anecdotes by untrustworthy men.

    “Revelation also prophecies about an asteroid striking the earth, and follows through by describing the after affects.”

    Ok, science predicts that there is a probability that someday that will happen again on a large scale.

    The reformation of Israel is half a self-fulfilling prophecy and half good policy. The good people of Israel, having been horrifically persecuted and insufficiently protected by non Jewish governments decided to return to the land of the Bible to form a government so they could protect their people. By the way, I wholeheartedly approve of these ideas. I am still Zionist to a great extent.

  • @St_Faustus - Infinite heat?  I would consider that to be a tautology.  It is not possible in the physical universe.  Heat exists as molecular motion and IR radiation.  IR is the way in which heat is transferred through space.  When talking about matter the temperature is a measure of the molecular or atomic motion.  Whatever speed they are moving at is the temperature they are.  They cannot be moving at an infinite velocity unless you mean to say that they are perpetually accelerating in speed.  At any rate, the only way for anything like that to occur would be to have an inexhaustible energy source and there is no such thing within the confines of the physical universe.  You would have to have radically different laws of physics, unless you do not believe that the universe is a closed system.  Of course the moment you propose that some source exists to allow for infinite energy production which can somehow pour into the universe you have created something with all of the properties of God minus the sentience. 

    I make no allegations, I simply state that the energy from explosions is lost unless a mechanism exists to harness the energy as it disperses and dissipates.  By lost I do not mean that it simply ceases to exist, I mean that it can no longer be utilized.  Why not try harvesting some of the energy from Hiroshima and Nagasaki?  Those occured less than a hundred years ago, whereas the big Bang supposedly occured billions of years ago.  It does not seem plausible.  It may be that microwave radiation is generated by stars.  Of course the existence of Microwave radiation dispersed in space proves nothing.  I could just as easily say that it is a byproduct of God creating the universe and infusing it with energy.  As to the drifting galaxies, if they started as large concentrated chunks of matter thrown off from the big bang then they ought to all be spinning in the same direction according to the law of conservation of angular momentum.  Also, the fact that they are moving means nothing little.  If I see a guy going south on 400 that does not mean that he started driving up near Hudson Bay and headed continually south.  It could be that he got in Atlanta.  Similarly just because Galaxies seem to be moving does not mean they all started from one spot the size of a pin head (reminds me of the old angels dancing on the head of a pin, and to think, evolutionists actually scoff at that).  The Bible refers to a stretching out of the stars so I can say that the movement provides evidence for the Bible.  Of course when talking to a non-believer, it really is only circumstancial evidence and means nothing.  That goes both ways.

    I do not believe that evolutionists are more dedicated to the facts.  They are more dedicated to their assumptions, and it may be that they are more driven to prove their arguments.  Of course the reason for this is because they have not even an ounce of emperical data that could be used as support for their beleifs.  Whereas the assumptions involved in the Creationist view do not clash with emperical science in any way.  For instance, we predict that organisms reproduce after their own kind, and that something cannot come from nothing.  This is all that has ever been seen, and the evolutionists have a lot more to prove.  Creation scientists are less likely to make huge leaps or assumptions.

    You still believe in the supernatural, you just try to attribute it to inert things.

    Fossils do nothing to prove evolutionism.  Again, all that you can determine from ancient remains is what sort of organism you might have, and if it does not match any contemporary life forms you can probably assume that it is an extinct life form.  You may even be able to prove how it died.  You cannot prove that it had children that carried a different set of genetic information, or the children were a different type of life form.  You cannot even prove that it had children, except in those rare cases where fish are found fossilized in the process of giving birth, however, in those cases the children were still of the same sort as the parents.  No fossil can ever be evidence for evolution. 

    Now concerning your allusion, I would not expect to find any human remains beneath the ocean after thousands of years, or even after a hundred years.  It is a well known fact that bodies decay the most rapidly in aquatic biomes.  There should be no bodies.  There could be some metal components depending on what they were made out of originally, because things do rust.  Specifically addressing the two incidences you mentioned, for one we at least have a written record, you may not trust the writers, but at least that is something.  Whereas for the alleged evolutionary processes there are no witnesses.  It may be that not every part of the Bible will ever be emperically verified, but the fact remains that there is no emperical evidence to suggest that the Bible is false.  Furthermore, I freely admit to being religious, and do not attempt to extend my definition of science to include assumptions which cannot be emperically verified.

    Again, concerning your fossils, putting aside my previous statements for a moment, you do realize that a considerable amount of the alleged missing links have been errors and fabrications?  Like Piltdown man, Java man, and a supposed dinosaur which sadly I forgot the name of.  It was actually flaunted in National Geographic as evidence for evolution but it turned out someone stuck a tail from a different life form onto another and sold it to the evolutionists.  A farmer in China I believe it was.  I think you ought to listen to this seminar I have that deals with some of the doctoring of evidence and falsification of data that evolutionist paleontologists sometimes engage in.  My sister has all those someplace, if you’re interested I can burn you a copy and mail it.

    The difference between humans and chimps is still quite blatantly profound, and it means nothing.  Chimps still have a different number of chromosomes.  Chimps produce chimps and humans produce humans, and that is all that anyone has ever seen.  Pigs have the highest level of similarity to humans in terms of body mass, what does that mean.  Those are highly subjective modes of reasoning.  The only reason people think that way is because they accept the notion of a self assembling universe as a given.

    Now touching on superstition, who determines what is false?  False assumptions about causation is obvious enough, but “incorrect beliefs about God” does not refer to Believing in God, intelligent design, or divine agency.  It means holding a belief which goes against accepted doctrine.  I think you are falling into the atheist mold in regards to labeling as superstitious those who do not share your beleifs.  Superstition and religion are not synonymous, and if so, then the definition must inevitably continue to expand in ways which you will probably find unpalatable.

    It seems to me that you are on a quest to find reasons to believe in evolution.  I do not believe that you turned away from God for scientific reasons, I believe that your reasons were philosophical.  At any rate, science cannot offer an explanation for origins, and I believe that on some level you are still aware of that fact.  I think it is dangerous to place too much faith in flawed human beings, which will inevitably let you down.  I saw that the symptoms that you were struggling in your faith and I didn’t really do anything to help you.  It may be that I was to consumed with my own problems or too self absorbed.  In the future I will have to be more observant.

  • Because there were comments on two posts, I posted a response on http://www.xanga.com/st_faustus

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